Pedro Ximénez Abril Tirado (also Pedro Tirado, Abril Tirado or Pedro Jiménez de Abril Tirado; * around 1786 in Arequipa, Peru; † June 12, 1856 in Sucre, Bolivia) was a Peruvian composer.

Life

Pedro Ximénez Abril Tirado's parents were Buenaventura Ximénez and María del Carmen Abril. In 1819 he married Juana Bernedo. He worked as a composer at Lima Cathedral in the early 1830s. At the invitation of Bolivian President Andrés de Santa Cruz, Abril Tirado went to Bolivia. In 1833, he became bandmaster at the cathedral of La Plata. Between 1831 and 1838, various compositions such as instrumental concertos and quartets from his pen were performed in Lima. According to Cédar Viglietti, Giuseppe Verdi is said to have used themes from various Yaravis Abril Tirados in La Traviata. In 1835, he worked as a bandmaster at Sucre Cathedral and at the Santa Iglesia Metropolitana de las Charcas. He taught at the Colegio Junin and at the girls' college in Sucre. In 1844, a collection of one hundred menutes for guitar by Abril was published in Paris by Parent & S. Richault. He died suddenly on June 12, 1856, which prevented him from receiving the last rites. A solemn sung requiem was held in the cathedral. Abril Tirado was married to Juana Cáceres.

Works (selection)

Pedro Ximénez Abril Tirado probably left behind around 250 larger compositions and 400 to 600 songs and smaller pieces.

Sacred music

- Fifty masses and other church music compositions

Symphonies

- Symphonies no. 1 to no. 6 lost

- Symphony No. 7 in F major for two violins, viola, two clarinets, two trumpets and bass

- Sinfonia No. 15 for flute, two clarinets, two horns, two violins, viola and bass (digital copy at IMSLP) I Adagio - Allegro II Cantable Adagio III Minue - Trio IV Rondo Allegro

- Symphony No. 16 in D minor op. 21

- Symphony No. 17 in D major op. 22

- Symphony No. 19 in C major op. 30

- Symphony No. 20 in B flat major op. 28

- Symphony No. 22 in D minor op. 29

- Symphony No. 23 in G major op. 33

- Symphony No. 24 in E flat major op. 34

- Symphony No. 26 in D major op. 36

- Symphony No. 27 in E flat major op. 37

- Symphony No. 28 in G minor op. 40

- Symphony No. 29 in G major op. 39

- Symphony No. 30 in F major op. 44

- Symphony No. 31 in D minor op. 54

- Symphony No. 33 in D major op. 62

- Symphony No. 34 in C major op. 63

- Symphony No. 36 in C major op. 65

- Symphony No. 37 in F major op. 66

- Symphony No. 38 in D major op. 74

- Symphony No. 39 in C major op. 75

Instrumental concertos

- Violin concertos

◦ Concierto para violín obligado

- Further instrumental concertos

Chamber music

- Quintet No. 7 for two violins, two violas and bass in F minor op. 24

- Quintet No. 5 for two violins, two violas and bass in D minor op. 37

- Quinteto concertante for two violins, two violas and violoncello op. 38, around 1820 (digital copy at IMSLP) I Allegro II Adagio cantabile III rondo Allegro

- Divertimento concertante for two flutes, guitar, two violins, viola and violoncello op. 43, 1825 (digitized by IMSLP) I Adagio - Allegro moderato II Tiempo de Valz III Adagio molto - Allegretto

- Divertimento concertante for two violins, two violas, two flutes, two trumpets, clarinet, violoncello and bass op. 46

- Tres Quartetos concertantes for flute, violin, viola and violoncello op. 47 No. 1 in D minor No. 2 in F major No. 3 in G major

- Divertimento concertante for two violins, two violas, violoncello, bass, flute, two clarinets, two trumpets op. 48

- Divertimento concertante for two violins, two violas, flute, clarinet, bass and two trumpets op. 49

- Divertimento concertante for two violins, viola, bass, two flutes and guitar op. 52

- Cuarteto concertante for two violins, viola and violoncello in E flat major op. 55

- Cuarteto Concertante for two violins, viola and violoncello in E flat major op. 56

- Cuarteto Concertante for two violins, viola and violoncello in B flat major op. 58

- Tres Quartetos concertantes for flute, violin, viola and violoncello op. 57 No. 1 in F major No. 2 in D major No. 3 in G major

- Divertimento concertante for guitar, two violins, flute. Viola and Violoncello op. 59

- Divertimento concertante for two violins, two clarinets, two trumpets, viola. Violoncello and bass op. 68

- Quartets

- Minuets

- Sonata for violin and piano in B flat major

- Sonata for flute and piano in B flat major

- Instrumental pieces for cello and guitar

Songs

- Between 400 and 600 songs have been preserved

◦ Yaraví, text: Juan Battista Arriaza (digital copy at IMSLP) Incipit: Pobre corazón mio

Music for guitar

- In 1844 he published a collection of 100 minuets for guitar in Paris.

- as well as pieces for piano and guitar

- Mis Pasatiempos al pie del volcán for guitar (digitized by IMSLP) I Andante II Rondo Allegro

Reception

José Bernardo Alcedo considered Abril Tirado to be Peru's greatest musical talent. Néstor Guestrín rediscovered Abril Tirado's music in the 20th century. The guitarist Benvenuto Terzi also included Abril Tirado's minuets in his concert programs. In July 1985, guitarist Octavio Santa Cruz performed some of his minuets at a concert entitled The Guitar in Peru at the ICPNA (Instituto Cultural Peruano NorteAmericano). The musicologist subsequently studied the life and work of Abril Tirado.

The first PXAT (Pedro Ximénez Abril Tirado) festival took place in Arequipa in August 2018. On August 20, 2018, the musicologist José Manuel Izquierdo. König was honored for his research on Abril Tirado, who was named Rossini de America.

Source:https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_Ximénez_Abril_Tirado/ License: CC BY-SA 4.0